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Table 2 Selected chemicals

From: The first step in the development of text mining technology for cancer risk assessment: identifying and organizing scientific evidence in risk assessment literature

Chemical

MOA

Occurrence

Causes

Examples of tumors

1,3-Butadiene

Genotoxic

Used in production of synthetic rubber.

Mutations

Leukemia

Benzo(a)pyrene

Genotoxic

Incomplete burning of coal, oil and garbage.

Mutations

Skin, lung

Diethylnitrosamine

Genotoxic

Found in foods, tobacco products and industrial solvents.

Mutations

Liver

Styrene

Genotoxic

Used in the manufacture of plastics and rubber.

Mutations

Lung

Chloroform

Non-genotoxic

Laboratory solvent and dry cleaning agent.

Cell death, regenerative proliferation. Hormonal receptor activation.

Liver, kidney

Diethylstilbestrol

Non-genotoxic

Synthetic estrogen.

 

Vagina, breast

Fumonisin B1

Non-genotoxic

A toxin produced by Fusarium moulds, found in foods.

Cell death, regenerative proliferation.

Oesophageal cancer, liver

Phenobarbital

Non-genotoxic

Barbiturate used as anticonvulsant.

Stimulates proliferation inhibits apoptosis.

Liver (in laboratory animals)