Figure 4From: Effects of normalization on quantitative traits in association testGenotype distribution of the 4 quantitative traits for 8000 samples and PV = 0.01. (a) normal, (b) left-skew, (c) right-skew, (d) bimodal after each transformation of logarithm (log), inverse-logarithm (ilog), Box-Cox (bc), and rank-based. Rank-based transformation adjusts the distribution of each genotype to within its tertile while maintaining consistent variance of 1.Back to article page