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Table 1 Performance of simulations with PV = 0.01 (small effects) for 4 sample sizes and 4 quantitative traits (normal, left-skew, right-skew, bimodal) transformed using logarithm (log), inverse-logarithm (ilog), Box-Cox, and rank-based.

From: Effects of normalization on quantitative traits in association test

 

True Positive Rate

False Positive Rate

Displacement

 

1000

2000

4000

8000

1000

2000

4000

8000

1000

2000

4000

8000

Normal

4.27

18.26

43.59

50.86

0.03

0.11

0.10

0.21

24.03

17.11

15.06

10.04

Left-skew

5.98

18.26

47.86

53.45

0.09

0.07

0.16

0.17

23.45

15.25

14.24

9.01

Right-skew

3.42

20.00

41.88

51.72

0.04

0.11

0.10

0.22

24.16

17.57

15.15

10.28

Bimodal

2.56

10.43

35.04

44.83

0.03

0.09

0.09

0.17

26.32

19.16

16.14

11.31

Normal - Log

5.98

18.26

47.86

53.45

0.09

0.07

0.16

0.17

23.45

15.25

14.24

9.01

Normal - ilog

7.69

27.83

50.43

57.76

0.17

0.21

0.18

0.37

21.91

15.87

13.51

9.55

Normal - boxcox

5.13

18.26

44.44

50.86

0.04

0.10

0.12

0.20

23.73

16.87

14.81

10.02

Normal - rank

14.53

36.52

57.27

65.52

0.08

0.17

0.24

0.44

18.97

12.50

11.65

6.65

Left-skew - log

7.69

22.61

50.43

56.03

0.10

0.07

0.22

0.20

23.08

14.50

13.44

8.16

Left-skew - ilog

5.13

19.13

45.3

54.31

0.05

0.09

0.15

0.19

23.46

16.08

14.43

9.58

Left-skew - boxcox

5.13

18.26

43.59

50.00

0.05

0.08

0.11

0.17

23.97

16.87

14.71

10.06

Left-skew - rank

14.53

36.52

57.27

65.52

0.08

0.17

0.24

0.44

18.97

12.50

11.65

6.65

Right-skew - log

5.13

16.52

41.88

49.14

0.04

0.08

0.12

0.17

23.99

17.09

14.83

10.21

Right-skew - ilog

3.42

22.61

43.59

51.72

0.05

0.11

0.10

0.23

23.98

17.63

15.17

10.41

Right-skew - boxcox

4.27

16.52

41.88

50.86

0.03

0.09

0.10

0.21

24.2

17.23

15.11

10.13

Right-skew - rank

14.53

36.52

57.27

65.52

0.08

0.17

0.24

0.44

18.97

12.50

11.65

6.65

Bimodal - log

4.27

13.91

41.88

47.41

0.08

0.05

0.13

0.15

25.32

16.84

14.91

10.35

Bimodal - ilog

2.56

11.30

35.90

45.69

0.04

0.10

0.08

0.19

26.25

19.35

16.26

11.35

Bimodal - boxcox

2.56

12.17

36.75

44.83

0.04

0.08

0.08

0.17

25.71

18.07

15.48

10.8

Bimodal - rank

14.53

36.52

57.27

65.52

0.08

0.17

0.24

0.44

18.97

12.50

11.65

6.65