Detecting disease-associated genes with confounding variable adjustment and the impact on genomic meta-analysis: With application to major depressive disorder

Table 1 The direction of covariates effect in RIM_minP (Table 1A) and RIM_BIC (Table 1B) models for 9 MDD related genes selected from the literature

S	Age					Alcohol					Antidep					pH					PMI					Suicide					Co-appearance T₁	Concordance T₂	Ratio R = T₂/T₁
	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E
VGF	0	0	-1	0	-1	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	7	7
SST	0	0	-1	0	-1	1	1	0	1	0	0	-1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	7	7
CNP	0	1	0	1	0	-1	0	0	1	0	-1	0	1	0	-1	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	1	0	0	5	2
NPY	0	-1	-1	0	-1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	1	1	1	10	7
TAC1	0	-1	-1	0	-1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	1	0	1	7	5
MBP	0	0	0	1	1	0	-1	0	1	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	-S1	0	1	0	-1	5	2
MOBP	0	0	0	0	1	0	-1	1	0	0	-1	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	-1	0	1	-1	-1	8	4
RGS4	-1	0	0	0	-1	0	1	-1	1	0	1	0	-1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	6	3
HTR2A	0	-1	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	-1	-1	0	-1	0	-1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	5	3
																												Total			T₁ = 60	T₂ = 40	R = T₂/T₁ = 0.67
																												p-value			0.39		0.014
	Age					Alcohol					Antidep					pH					PMI					Suicide					Co-appearance T₁	Concordance T₂	Ratio R = T₂/T₁
	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	A	B	C	D	E	1	1
VGF	0	0	-1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	7	7
SST	-1	0	-1	-1	-1	0	1	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	3	3
CNP	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	-1	0	7	7
NPY	-1	0	-1	-1	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	6	6
TAC1	-1	0	-1	-1	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
MBP	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	3	3
MOBP	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-1	3	3
RGS4	-1	0	0	-1	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1
HTR2A	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	-1	-1	0	0	0	0	-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
																												Total			T₁ = 32	T₂ = 32	R = T₂/T₁ = 1
																												p-value			0.011		0.005

* 0: variable not included in the model; 1: appear in the model with positive effect size; -1: appear in the model with negative effect size.
A: MD1_ACC, B: MD2_ACC, C: MD3_ACC, D: MD1_AMY, E: MD3_AMY

ISSN: 1471-2105