Table 3 Simulation results for dataset ${\mathcal{D}}_{\mathbf{2}}$

${\text{MSE}}_r^2$

0.09

1.97

N/A

N/A

N/A

0.14

N/A

1.06

37.67

58.75

0.14

0.12

26.68

52.09

150.09

${\text{GMSE}}_r^2(\times 10^{-1})$

0.34

0.01

N/A

N/A

N/A

0.15

N/A

1.12

1.17

22.37

0.09

0.94

6.24

0.62

1.18

${\text{SAD}}_r^2(\times 10^{-1})$

0.39

0.44

N/A

N/A

N/A

0.48

N/A

1.32

16.53

13.34

0.47

0.44

3.72

15.21

18.14

GSAD (×10⁻²)

1.51

1.02

1.53

37.99

129.40

RE (×10⁻²)

0.64

1.62

1.65

0.65

5.47

Time (s)

22.06×10³

0.29

32.02

4.07×10³

9.24×10³

(b) R = 3

uBLU

PCA

NMF

BFRM

GB-GMF

${\text{MSE}}_r^2$

0.09

1.97

14.87

24.41

61.00

0.14

0.01

20.53

50.59

58.31

0.14

0.09

14.02

35.89

65.11

${\text{GMSE}}_r^2(\times 10^{-1})$

0.34

0.03

0.34

1.41

4.80

0.15

0.02

2.44

0.65

9.40

0.09

0.05

0.92

1.19

5.40

${\text{SAD}}_r^2(\times 10^{-1})$

0.39

0.44

2.84

14.35

13.72

0.48

0.12

4.75

15.47

13.62

0.47

0.37

4.00

17.50

15.82

GSAD (×10⁻²)

1.02

1.02

1.49

29.29

129.29

RE (×10⁻²)

0.64

0.63

1.55

0.75

1.62

Time (s)

22.06×10³

0.28

45.91

5.37×10³

16.59×10³

(c) R = 4

uBLU

PCA

NMF

BFRM

GB-GMF

${\text{MSE}}_r^2$

0.09

1.97

13.13

24.25

64.90

0.14

0.01

20.53

50.52

64.09

0.14

0.09

14.02

28.32

69.99

${\text{GMSE}}_r^2(\times 10^{-1})$

0.34

0.09

0.20

1.42

15.12

0.15

0.48

1.00

0.65

9.55

0.09

0.05

0.44

1.31

7.73

${\text{SAD}}_r^2(\times 10^{-1})$

0.39

0.44

2.54

14.74

14.53

0.48

0.13

5.52

15.45

14.55

0.47

0.37

4.79

16.45

16.17

GSAD (×10⁻²)

1.02

1.01

1.06

40.36

129.29

RE (×10⁻²)

0.64

0.63

0.69

0.86

1.50

Time (s)

22.06×10³

0.54

55.86

5.59×10³

16.59×10³