Figure 5

The mtSNP primer validation for V-MitoSNP. To validate the V-MitoSNP designed primers, the corresponding natural and/or mismatched primers for mtSNPs at position 8993, 5973, 7080, 12372, 15508, and 8829 of rCRS [2] are tested by PCR. Rows 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, and 16 are 100 bp DNA markers. The brightest band is 500 bp and the band at the bottom is 100 bp. Primer sets for 8993, 5973 and 7080 are natural primers, which are shown in duplicate at rows 2/3, rows 5/6, and rows 8/9, while 12372, 15508, and 8829 are mismatched primers, which are shown in duplicate at rows 11/12, rows 14/15 and rows 17/18, respectively.