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Table 1 Normalization effects on metabolite concentration data. Effects of normalization on the quantitation of metabolite concentrations. Concentrations are reported in units of μM in columns 2, 3, 6, and 7. The concentration units in columns 4 and 5 are reported as μM/[Creatinine] (μM).

From: Metabonomics evaluations of age-related changes in the urinary compositions of male Sprague Dawley rats and effects of data normalization methods on statistical and quantitative analysis

Postulated identity

Study 1 (μM)

Study 2 (μM)

Study 1 Normalized to Creatinine (μM)/[Crea] (μM)

Study 2 Normalized to Creatinine (μM)/[Crea] (μM)

Study 1 Normalized to TMSP/total intensity (μM)

Study 2 Normalized to TMSP/total intensity (μM)

2-OG

3915 ± 2459

6261 ± 2524

1.24 ± 0.04

1.48 ± 0.55

62.5 ± 24.8

82.3 ± 25.9

Acetate

986 ± 1145

440 ± 547

0.33 ± 0.36

0.19 ± 0.24

16.9 ± 20.6

11.1 ± 13.7

Citrate

6563 ± 3896

6436 ± 2182

2.10 ± 0.58

1.61 ± 0.50

104.6 ± 36.5

90.3 ± 24.6

Creatine

329 ± 544

550 ± 811

0.12 ± 0.20

0.27 ± 0.25

7.1 ± 12.3

15.9 ± 14.8

Creatinine

3029 ± 1161

3710 ± 772

N/A

N/A

50.9 ± 13.5

57.0 ± 3.0

Formate

342 ± 167

403 ± 311

0.11 ± 0.04

0.10 ± 0.06

5.7 ± 2.3

5.4 ± 3.0

Hippurate

2209 ± 1118

3489 ± 1046

0.74 ± 0.26

0.81 ± 0.23

37.2 ± 15.9

45.5 ± 12.1

Oxalacetate

766 ± 298

514 ± 180

0.28 ± 0.12

0.15 ± 0.07

13.5 ± 5.7

8.7 ± 3.6

Taurine

1011 ± 798

3187 ± 1611

0.35 ± 0.29

0.83 ± 0.47

19.5 ± 19.3

46.9 ± 25.2

trans-Aconitate

1329 ± 528

1582 ± 425

0.44 ± 0.06

0.38 ± 0.11

22.3 ± 6.1

21.5 ± 60.0