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Table 1 Statistical analysis of syntactic and lexical features from the PrADG and HEG based on Student’s t-test

From: Predicting probable Alzheimer’s disease using linguistic deficits and biomarkers

 

PrADG

HEG

t

df

p

95%

 

MEAN(SD)

MEAN(SD)

   

CI(Difference)

Confounding feature

      

Age

70.45(8.916)

65.26(8.388)

3.621

148

<0.000*

2.36 to 8.01

Syntactic features

      

Coordinated sentences

5.09(3.22)

4.85(2.99)

0.55

196

0.584

-0.63 to 1.11

Subordinated sentences

5.42(3.63)

5.13(3.19)

0.60

196

0.547

-0.66 to 1.25

Reduced sentences

2.95(2.48)

4.08(2.57)

-3.15

196

0.002*

-1.84 to -0.42

Number of Predicates

5.54 (3.44)

6.94(3.53)

-2.83

196

0.005*

-2.38 to -0.43

Avr. predicates per sentence

0.42(0.19)

0.58(0.22)

-5.48

196

<0.000*

-0.22 to -0.10

Number of dependencies

100.90(53.36)

100.81(51.44)

0.01

196

0.990

-14.60 to 14.78

Avr.dependency per sentence

8.21(2.69)

8.78(2.36)

-1.58

196

0.115

-1.28 to 0.14

Dependency distance

16.21(7.75)

17.09(7.05)

-0.83

196

0.405

-2.95 to 1.197

Production rules

128.61(52.00)

126.75(46.35)

0.26

196

0.791

-11.95 to 15.67

Lexical features

      

Utterances

50.52(35.61)

31.05(15.49)

4.99

196

<0.000*

11.77 to 27.16

MLU

2.65(1.70)

4.03(2.25)

-4.86

196

<0.000*

-1.94 to -0.82

Function words

58.00(35.84)

59.71(35.33)

-0.34

196

0.736

-11.68 to 8.27

Unique words

115.92(63.96)

116.03(59.92)

-0.01

196

0.990

-17.48 to 17.26

Word count

127.79(72.62)

127.69(68.45)

0.01

196

0.992

-19.68 to 19.88

Character length

562.35(313.33)

583.21(316.65)

-0.47

196

0.642

-109.15 to 67.44

Total sentences

14.01(8.33)

12.48(5.56)

1.52

196

0.131

-0.46 to 3.51

Repetitions

2.09(3.08)

0.70(1.03)

4.27

196

<0.000*

0.75 to 2.04

Revision

4.54(5.27)

2.02(2.20)

4.38

196

<0.000*

1.38 to 3.65

Number of morphemes

117.35(76.56)

117.09(69.65)

0.02

196

0.980

-20.25 to 20.78

Trailing off

0.85(1.18)

0.14(0.38)

5.67

196

<0.000*

0.46 to 0.95

Word replacement

1.28(1.37)

0.44(0.77)

5.30

196

<0.000*

0.53 to 1.15

Incomplete words

5.56(4.05)

3.11(3.42)

4.59

196

<0.000*

1.39 to 3.49

Filler words

6.47(6.89)

4.30(3.53)

2.79

196

0.006*

0.64 to 3.71

  1. *PrADG Probable Alzheimer’s Disease Group (N=99), HEG Healthy Elderly Group (N=99), SD Standard Deviation, df degree of freedom, CI Confidence Interval