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Table 5 Results of simulation studies for two-dimensional discrete-time model (5,000 individuals, 100 replications), estimated mean, standard deviation, lower and upper boundaries of empirical confidence interval (95th percentile) of estimated coefficients

From: stpm: an R package for stochastic process model

Parameter

True

Est.mean

SD

LW

UP

a11

-5.0000e-02

-4.9908e-02

8.4712e-04

-5.0074e-02

-4.9742e-02

a12

1.0000e-03

9.3123e-04

4.2772e-04

8.4740e-04

1.0151e-03

a21

1.0000e-03

1.1607e-03

2.2296e-03

7.2369e-04

1.5977e-03

a22

-5.0000e-02

-5.0140e-02

9.9902e-04

-5.0336e-02

-4.9945e-02

f1 1

1.0000e+02

1.0071e+02

9.0962e+00

9.8931e+01

1.0250e+02

f1 2

2.0000e+02

1.9951e+02

4.4247e+00

1.9864e+02

2.0038e+02

Q11

1.0000e-06

1.0207e-06

1.2101e-07

9.9703e-07

1.0445e-06

Q12

1.0000e-07

1.0382e-07

3.7846e-08

9.6407e-08

1.1124e-07

Q21

1.0000e-07

1.0382e-07

3.7846e-08

9.6407e-08

1.1124e-07

Q22

1.0000e-06

1.0121e-06

7.8420e-08

9.9672e-07

1.0275e-06

f 1

1.0000e+02

1.0005e+02

3.6333e-01

9.9974e+01

1.0012e+02

f 2

2.0000e+02

2.0000e+02

1.8756e-01

1.9997e+02

2.0004e+02

b 1

2.0000e+00

2.0007e+00

3.7442e-03

2.0000e+00

2.0014e+00

b 2

5.0000e+00

4.9989e+00

8.4494e-03

4.9972e+00

5.0005e+00

mu0

1.0000e-04

1.0034e-04

8.5791e-06

9.8661e-05

1.0202e-04

theta

8.0000e-02

7.9900e-02

1.1237e-03

7.9680e-02

8.0120e-02