Fig. 3
From: Alternative empirical Bayes models for adjusting for batch effects in genomic studies
Distributions of higher order moments in the bladder cancer dataset after the mean/variance adjustment. The current mean/variance ComBat does not adjust higher order moments, thus distributions of these moment estimates remain significantly different (a sample-wise kurtosis: P=3.025e−05 using non-robust test; b gene-wise skewness: P=0; c gene-wise kurtosis: P=0.0012 using robust test) across batches even after batch adjustment. These may cause problems in downstream analysis such as prediction tasks, and call for batch correction methods that adjust the higher order moments