Fig. 1From: Reliable heritability estimation using sparse regularization in ultrahigh dimensional genome-wide association studiesIllustrations of the proposed two-stage strategy. a 10-fold cross-validation to choose the most suitable regularization parameter; b The decomposition of bias and variance of the proposed strategy; c The explanation of the reason for using independent samples. Estimators in the validation set are obtained with independent samples, and estimators in the training set are obtained with non-independent samplesBack to article page