Fig. 5

Comparison of DDmap and algorithm in [3, 13]. Operators 1–5 are the crossover and mutation operators in DDmap, op6 is the mutation operator in [13] and op7 is the crossover operator in [3]. Each instance is run 100 times by using op1–7 respectively. a is a logarithmic coordinate system figure, we can see the average running time comparison between DDmap and the algorithm in [13] in (a). b is the average running time comparison between DDmap and the algorithm in [3]. c is the success rate comparison between DDmap and the algorithm in [3, 13]