Table 1 Bioinformatics tools for in silico analysis

Poly Phen 2*

Sequence- and structure-based approach

Benign

< 0.5

On the structure and function of a human protein [19]

http://genetics.Bwh.harvard.edu/pph2/index.shtml

Possibly damaging

≥0.5

Probably damaging

SIFT

Sequence-based approach

Tolerated

≥0.05

On protein function and the physiochemical properties of AA [20].

http://sift.jcvi.org/

Damaging

< 0.05

PANTHER

Sequence-based approach

Probably benign

0 to −3

Estimates the likelihood of a particular nonsynonymous coding SNP causing a functional impact on the protein [21].

http://www.pantherdb.org/tools/csnpScoreForm.jsp

Possibly damaging

<−3

Probably damaging

MutationAssessor

Sequence-based approach

neutral

≤0.8

On the substitution of AA in the protein by assessing evolutionary conservation [22].

http://mutationassessor.org

low impact

0.8 to < 1.9

medium impact

1.9 to ≤3.5

high impact

> 3.5

PROVEAN

Sequence-based approach

Neutral

> − 2.5

On the biological function of a protein [23].

http://provean.jcvi.org/index.php

Deleterious

<−2.5

SNAP2

Sequence- and structure-based approach

Neutral

100

On the secondary structure and compares the solvent accessibility of the wild and mutated protein [24].

https://rostlab.org/services/snap2web

Effect

− 100