Table 2 Descriptive statistics for the fixed effects covariates

Age (years)

62.89

10.32

Gender

0.51

0.49

Height (cm)

166.43

10.23

Ethnicity: Caucasian

0.39

0.49

Ethnicity: Hispanic

0.23

0.42

Ethnicity: African-American

0.25

0.43

Ethnicity: Chinese-American

0.13

0.34

Smoking: Never

0.51

0.50

Smoking: Former

0.12

0.33

Smoking: Current

0.38

0.48

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

117.67

31.04

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

51.29

14.41

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

126.92

21.54

Blood pressure treatment

0.38

0.49

Diabetes

0.14

0.34

Lipids treatment

0.17

0.37