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Table 2 Ratio of estimated type I error rates by the significance level for different test methods

From: A gene based combination test using GWAS summary data

α-level

ST

S2T

AT

GATES

aSPU

sumSTAAR

OWC

1 × 10−3

1.02

1.02

1.02

1.04

1.03

0.86

1.01

1 × 10−4

1.00

1.03

1.00

1.03

1.02

1.10

1.04

1 × 10−5

1.00

1.04

0.99

1.05

1.08

2.50

1.00

2.5 × 10−6

1.04

1.14

1.00

0.92

1.04

3.00

1.08

2.8 × 10−6

1.10

1.07

0.97

1.00

1.01

3.57

1.02

  1. Notes: The comparison methods sum test(ST), squared sum test (S2T) and adaptive test (AT) mentioned in the paper are equivalent to the methods burden test (\(L_B\)), the sum of squared score test (\(S_Q\)) and the combination of \(L_B\) and \(S_Q\), respectively. Let \(S_S\) denote the score test and \(L_W\) denote the weighted sum statistic. The proposed combination method OWC is a combination of \(L_B\), \(L_W\), \(S_S\), and \(S_Q\). sumSTAAR is a fexible framework for gene-based association studies using GWAS summary statistics