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Table 4 Function comparison of privacy protection technologies

From: PP-DDP: a privacy-preserving outsourcing framework for solving the double digest problem

Privacy-preserving technologies

SMPC

DP

HE

OPE

PP-DDP

Additive homomorphism

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Order-preserving

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Computational cost

High

Low

High

Low

Low

DDP applicability

No

No

No

No

Yes