Fig. 2

Metabolic variation in E. coli treated with non-canonical amino acids. A Principal component analysis of four different treatment groups from non-canonical amino acid treatment experiments on E. coli cell cultures with median displayed as a solid line (red = AHA treatment, green = control, blue = HPG and cyan = MET) (Steward et al. 2020). B Distribution plots of CV of mass spectrometry metabolite feature profiles for the non-canonical amino acid treated cultures of E. coli. C Table of CV statistics include the K–S d statistic for the different comparisons of the Control to the other groups, the CV mean and the CV median. D Profile distribution plots of the CV of NMR metabolite features from E. coli replicates from a control (black) and HPG treated (pink)