Fig. 9

Measured relative TL versus MI-EN TL/PCA-EN TL in training and test datasets. Scatter plots of DNA methylation-based telomere length (MI-EN TL/PCA-EN TL, x-axis) versus TL measured by qPCR (y-axis). A Dunedin training data (MI-EN-TL). B Dunedin training data (PCA-EN-TL). C Test data (EXTEND) with MI-EN TL. D Test data (EXTEND) with PCA-EN TL. E Test data (TWIN) with MI-EN TL. F Test data (TWIN) with PCA-EN TL. As evidenced in other TL estimation studies [34, 78], it is notable that our estimators yield a more restrictive range of TL values relative to actual TL. Each panel includes a Pearson correlation coefficient and correlation test p-value