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Table 3 Semantic roles

From: The BioLexicon: a large-scale terminological resource for biomedical text mining

Role Name

Description

Example ([...] = semantic argument, small capitals = focussed verb)

AGENT

Drives/instigates event

[The narL gene product] ACTIVATES the nitrate reductase operon

THEME

a) Affected by/results from event

b) Focus of events describing states

[recA protein] was INDUCED by UV radiation

[The FNR protein] RESEMBLES CRP

MANNER

Method/way in which event is carried out

cpxA gene INCREASES the levels of csgA transcription by [dephosphorylation] of CpxR

INSTRUMENT

Used to carry out event

EnvZ FUNCTIONS through [OmpR] to control NP porin gene expression in E. Coli.

LOCATION

Where complete event takes place

Phosphorylation of OmpR MODULATES expression of the ompF and ompC genes in [Escherichia coli]

SOURCE

Start point of event

A transducing lambda phage was ISOLATED from [a strain] harboring a glpD''lacZ fusion

DESTINATION

End point of event

Transcription is activated by BINDING of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-cAMP receptor protein (CRP) complex to [a CRP binding site]

TEMPORAL

Situates event in time/w.r.t. another event

The Alp protease activity is DETECTED in cells [after introduction] of plasmids

CONDITION

Environmental conditions/changes in conditions

Strains carrying a mutation in the crp structural gene fail to REPRESS ODC and ADC activities in response to [increased cAMP]

RATE

Change of level or rate

marR mutations ELEVATED inaA expression by [10- to 20-fold] over that of the wild-type.

DESCRIPTIVE-AGENT

Descriptive information about AGENT of event

HyfR ACTS as [a formate-dependent regulator]

DESCRIPTIVE-THEME

Descriptive information about THEME of event

The FNR protein RESEMBLES [CRP].

PURPOSE

Purpose/reason for the event occurring

The fusion strains were USED [to study] the regulation of the cysB gene

  1. For each semantic role, a brief description is given, together with an example sentence containing an instance of the role. In the example sentences, the verb on which the event is centred is indicated using small capitals, whilst the event argument corresponding to the appropriate semantic role is indicated within square brackets.