CID | Drug | Body Site | Microbial effects | NCBI PMID |
---|---|---|---|---|
64982 | Baicalin [Potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and liver tonic] | Gut | Gut microbes hydrolyze baicalin and enhance its absorption. Absence of gut microbiota resulted in lower levels of baicalin in plasma following oral administration [8]. | 11197087 |
2724385 | Digoxin [Cardiac glycoside] | Gut | Eubacterium lentum is responsible for the difference in metabolite concentration of digoxin between North Americans and Southern Indians [9] | 2759492 |
1794427 | Chlorogenic acid [Antioxidant] | Gut | Variation in gut microbiome alters chlorogenic acid metabolism [10]. | 12771329 |
1983 | Acetaminophen [Analgesic and antipyretic] | Gut | Acetaminophen toxicity is associated with elevated levels of p-cresol produced by some bacterial communities [4]. | 19667173 |
9064 | (+)- catechin and (-)-epichatechins [Anti-oxidants] | Gut | In germ-free rats, (+)-catechins and (-)-epicatechins resulted in increase in the levels of liver CYP450 2C11, and (+) catechins caused elevation in the specific activity of liver UGT-Chloramphenicol [11]. | 12659723 |
5734 | Zonisamide [Anticonvulsant] | Gut | Gut microbiota reduce zonisamide into 2-sulfomoyacetylphenol. Levels of 2-sulfomoyacetylphenol reportedly increased upon re-inoculation of germ-free rats with gut microbiota [12] | 9231340 |