A quantitative genetic and epigenetic model of complex traits

BMC Bioinformatics

Table 1 MLEs of population and quantitative genetic parameters from simulated data with different heritabilities ( H ² ) and sample sizes ( n )

	True	H² = 0.05	H² = 0.1	H² = 0.2
	True	MLE SD	MLE SD	MLE SD
n=400	0.1	0.099 (0.019)	0.100 (0.017)	0.099 (0.020)
u	0.1	0.099 (0.019)	0.100 (0.017)	0.099 (0.020)
p	0.4	0.399 (0.020)	0.400 (0.022)	0.403 (0.018)
D ₁₂	0.01	0.011 (0.010)	0.008 (0.011)	0.009 (0.012)
D _1e	0.01	0.010 (0.003)	0.010 (0.003)	0.010 (0.003)
D _2e	0.01	0.010 (0.004)	0.010 (0.005)	0.010 (0.004)
μ	1	1.002 (0.096)	1.009 (0.066)	1.002 (0.043)
a ₁	0.2	0.201 (0.113)	0.193 (0.085)	0.198 (0.049)
a _e	0.05	0.060 (0.181)	0.064 (0.134)	0.054 (0.080)
d ₁₂	0.05	0.050 (0.076)	0.049 (0.055)	0.049 (0.032)
d _1e	0.05	−0.015 (0.485)	−0.008 (0.401)	0.010 (0.267)
d _2e	0.05	0.027 (0.279)	0.047 (0.171)	0.042 (0.116)
n=1000	0.1	0.101 (0.014)	0.101 (0.013)	0.102 (0.013)
u	0.1	0.101 (0.014)	0.101 (0.013)	0.102 (0.013)
p	0.4	0.401 (0.012)	0.400 (0.012)	0.401 (0.011)
D ₁₂	0.01	0.010 (0.007)	0.009 (0.007)	0.010 (0.007)
D _1e	0.01	0.010 (0.003)	0.010 (0.002)	0.010 (0.002)
D _2e	0.01	0.010 (0.003)	0.010 (0.003)	0.010 (0.003)
μ	1	1.003 (0.053)	0.996 (0.039)	1.000 (0.027)
a ₁	0.2	0.202 (0.067)	0.207 (0.049)	0.200 (0.031)
a _e	0.05	0.051 (0.099)	0.037 (0.068)	0.050 (0.050)
d ₁₂	0.05	0.051 (0.048)	0.047 (0.035)	0.051 (0.023)
d _1e	0.05	0.056 (0.269)	0.046 (0.191)	0.038 (0.122)
d _2e	0.05	0.048 (0.158)	0.057 (0.111)	0.054 (0.081)

The MLEs of parameters and their standard deviation (in parentheses) were calculated from 200 simulation replicates.

ISSN: 1471-2105