Figure 5

Virtual populations were selected with composite goodness-of-fit p-values greater than 0.05. VPops developed with the MAPEL algorithm give good agreement with clinical trial results as assessed by the composite goodness-of-fit criterion. Each circle represents a VPop, and smaller p-values (x-axis) imply a worse goodness-of-fit. MAPEL results were filtered for VPops with a composite goodness-of-fit greater than 0.05 and used for further analyses (vertical grey line). Of particular interest was the response to treatment with rituximab (y-axis), and the reported mean clinical response at 6 months is shown by the heavy black line. To explore the mechanistic characteristics of populations that respond well, VPops with an ACR-N response greater than 48 were contrasted with VPops with responses less than the mean.