Figure 1

Methods summary. Kinetic rate laws were fit to fluxomic, proteomic, and metabolomics data using nonlinear least squares regression. Of the 25 experimental conditions that were available, 20 were used for fitting, and 5 were used as a test set. Concentration estimates from parameter fitting were used to examine the thermodynamic and kinetic limitations of the central metabolism. The fit kinetic parameters were used to add kinetic constraints to a constraint-based model to estimate internal fluxes and biomass yields. These estimates were compared to experimental data.