Table 1 Polymorphisms or unusual mutations ( p > 1%) weakly associated with PI resistance in HIV-1 protease from treated and naïve individuals according to the HIVdb
Mutation | p(%) | PV (%) | Region (PV) | Association with drug resistance | Classification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
W6R | 2.34 | 8.20 | C (0.98) | Found in indinavir-resistant PR [44] | UM |
T12A/I | 1.34/1.34 | 9.40 | V (8.04) | T12A decreased in patients treated with PIs. [45]T12I appears in cell culture in the presence of SQV [46] | NP/NP |
I13V | 17.33 | 18.33 | V (8.04) | Found in isolates from patients treated with NFV [47] | NP |
I15V | 8.28 | 9.27 | V (8.04) | Associated with reduced virological response to RTV + SQV therapy [48] | NP |
E35D | 18.21 | 18.54 | HV(26.05) | Associated with reduced in vivo virological responses to RTV/AMP [49] | NP |
N37D/E | 9.27/5.96 | 40.07 | HV(26.05) | N37D appears together with N37E in patient treated with LPV + RTV [50] | NP/NP |
R41K | 19.00 | 19.00 | SC(2.39) | Associated with reduced in vivo virological responses to RTV + APV in PIs experienced patients [49] | NP |
R57K | 17.88 | 18.38 | * | Relatively frequent in patients failing treatment with RTV + SQV [51] | NP |
L63A | 3.48 | 84.77 | HV(22.02) | L63A frequent polymorphism but significantly associated with the antiretroviral treatment [39, 52] | NP |
H69Y | 3.15 | 7.62 | V(7.56) | Appears in viruses selected with LPV [53] | NP |
K70E | 3.31 | 9.11 | V(7.56) | K70E appears in virus selected in cell culture with DRV [54] | NP |
I72R | 1.32 | 24.50 | HV(27.48) | Associated with viral rebound during therapy with LPV + RTV [50] | UM |