Figure 3

Visualization of elementary hypotheses and their closure. (a) Graphical demonstration of the elementary hypotheses H ₁ ,...,H ₄ and distinct intersection hypotheses. The null parameter space is shaded in gray for each hypothesis. Redundant intersection hypotheses are written in parentheses. (b) The closed test approach given the structure of the hypotheses. Testing begins with H₁₃, the full intersection hypothesis, and terminates at or before testing H₂ and H₄.