Fig. 1

Schematic diagrams for understanding basic concepts of this study a The four components of transcription. The transcriptional regulators interact with their targets genes to regulate gene expression at the mRNA level. The cellular environment controls the concentration of TFs, \( \mathbf{C} \). The TFs bind to specific sites close to the target genes, described in model by the connection matrix, \( \mathbf{T} \). The TFs bind to their different target genes with varying strengths to regulate transcription. The strength of each of these pair-wise interactions is described by a weight matrix \( \mathbf{W} \). This all finally results in the transcription of mRNA at particular concentration, ɛ. b A schematic of a transcriptional regulatory circuit. The circuit takes trans- and cis-inputs to transform the genetic information at mRNA level. The four components for transcription (as described above) are the key elements for the circuit