Fig. 3

Accuracy, measured with F-score, on the binary in/out-of-focus classification task compared with various methods in Bray et al. [2] for Hoechst (a) and Phalloidin (b) stained U2OS cell images. The proposed deep neural network (DNN) model (darker bar) trained only on synthetically defocused Hoechst images performs better than the previous approaches evaluated in Bray et al. [2] (lighter bars) on both Hoechst and Phalloidin stain real images, suggesting the model predictions generalize to a qualitatively different unseen stain of the same cell type. Scale bars are 10 μm or 15 pixels