A new fruit fly optimization algorithm enhanced support vector machine for diagnosis of breast cancer based on high-level features

Table 3 Unimodal benchmark functions

Function	Dim	Range
\( {f}_1(x)={\sum}_{i=1}^n{x_i}^2 \)	30	[− 100, 100]
\( {f}_2(x)={\sum}_{i=1}^n\mid {x}_i\mid +{\prod}_{i=1}^n\mid {x}_i\mid \)	30	[− 10, 10]
\( {f}_3(x)={\sum}_{i=1}^n{\left({\sum}_{j-1}^i{x}_j\right)}^2 \)	30	[− 100, 100]
f₄(x) = max_i{\| x_i\| , 1 ≤ i ≤ n}	30	[− 100, 100]
\( {f}_5(x)={\sum}_{i=1}^{n-1}\left[100{\left({x}_{i+1}-{x_i}^2\right)}^2+{\left({x}_i-1\right)}^2\right] \)	30	[− 30, 30]
\( {f}_6(x)={\sum}_{i=1}^n{\left(\left[{x}_i+0.5\right]\right)}^2 \)	30	[− 100, 100]
\( {f}_7(x)={\sum}_{i=1}^n{ix_i}^4+ random\left[0,1\right) \)	30	[− 1.28, 1.28]

ISSN: 1471-2105