Fig. 4From: Embedding covariate adjustments in tree-based automated machine learning for biomedical big data analysesThe three possible workflows for resAdj TPOT. From top to bottom the workflows when the needed adjustments are for features only, both features and target, and target only are displayed. The Feature Set Selector (FSS) step is optional. ‘adjY’ denotes the no-leakage adjustment of the target for each predefined CV splitBack to article page