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Table 6 Average Robinson–Foulds (RF) errors for IDQPSO, Simulated Annealing and GRAPPA

From: Achieving large and distant ancestral genome inference by using an improved discrete quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm

Program

RF error (%) (No transposition)

r = 20

r = 40

r = 60

r = 80

r = 100

r = 120

r = 140

r = 160

r = 180

IDQPSO-Median

0

0

0

0

0

0

2.5

2.5

3.8

SA-Median

0

0

0

2.5

0

2.5

6.3

5.0

10.0

GRAPPA-Exact

0

0

0

0

–

–

–

–

–

Neighbor-joining

0

0

0

2.5

6.3

6.3

12.5

20

20

Program

RF error (%) (90% Inversion/10% transposition)

r = 20

r = 40

r = 60

r = 80

r = 100

r = 120

r = 140

r = 160

r = 180

IDQPSO-Median

0

0

0

0

0

2.5

2.5

2.5

8.8

SA-Median

0

0

0

0

0

2.5

3.8

3.8

12.5

GRAPPA-Exact

0

0

0

–

–

–

–

–

–

Neighbor-joining

0

0

0

0

3.8

13.8

16.3

23.8

30

  1. – indicates a program cannot finish after 5 days of computation. For the IDQPSO and Simulated Annealing methods, results for \(r\ge 140\) are from the best trees obtained within 5 days of computation
  2. The best values of all the compared algorithms are indicated in italics