Fig. 1

Robustness analysis results for the infected and healthy RBC populations of the Anderson and Niger models. Three different disease states are shown in the diagrams: (i) green—no infection, (ii) red—malaria infection without an immune response and, (iii) orange—infection with an immune response. The steady state values for the healthy RBCs decrease with infection in both models and increase again with the addition of the immune system. The values for the iRBCs start as none with no infection, increase to the highest achieved results when infection is added, and decrease again when the immune system is included in the model