Fig. 1

Establishment of a prognostic risk model for immune-associated lncRNA pairs. A Heatmap. B Volcano plot. Red areas represent upregulated lncRNAs, and green areas represent downregulated lncRNAs. C Eleven prognostic related lncRNA pairs screened out by univariate Cox analysis. D Tuning parameter (λ) selection in the LASSO model. The Partial Likelihood Deviance was plotted versus log (λ). Dotted vertical lines were drawn at the optimal values by using the minimum criteria and one standard error of the minimum criteria (the 1-SE criteria). A λ value of 0.062, with log (λ), − 4.006. E Lasso coefficient profiles of 11 lncRNA pairs. A coefficient profile is generated from the log (λ) sequence. The vertical line is plotted with the determined penalty value, resulting in nine non-zero coefficients. F Eight lncRNA pairs were obtained through multivariate Cox analysis for the establishment of a prognostic risk assessment model