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Table 2 Comparison of UKin, KING, scGRM, rbGRM, and tsGRM in biases and SDs (50,000 SNPs)

From: An unbiased kinship estimation method for genetic data analysis

True value

Bias from True Value \((\times 10^{-3})\)

Standard deviation \((\times 10^{-3})\)

UKin

KING

scGRM

rbGRM

tsGRM

UKin

KING

scGRM

rbGRM

tsGRM

0.000

− 0.152

− 1.810

− 0.898

− 0.899

− 0.899

3.101

4.317

2.262

2.381

2.261

0.125

− 0.227

− 1.405

− 0.730

− 0.715

− 0.781

2.595

3.346

2.654

2.530

2.449

0.250

− 0.081

− 0.703

− 0.953

− 0.786

− 0.793

2.020

2.428

2.864

2.557

2.432

0.500

0.000

0.000

− 1.492

− 0.961

− 0.609

0.000

0.000

3.171

2.718

2.254