Table 7 Performance comparison with other methods on independent testing set

Libsvm-MRMD [9]

0.722

0.725

72.16

0.342

0.796

VTP-Identifier [10]

0.761

0.829

81.77

0.499

0.876

GRU [8]

0.708

0.829

80.91

0.459

0.850

bagging-SVM [15]

0.734

0.817

80.32

0.463

0.854

Hard voting

0.769

0.815

80.43

0.467

0.864

Soft voting

0.774

0.817

80.94

0.492

0.969

Stack-VTP

0.774

0.836

82.53

0.521

0.889