Fig. 1

MHAGP framework. A Three heterogeneous networks are constructed based on the four integrated data sources (gene, disease, lncRNA and miRNA) and seven kinds of association (disease-miRNA, gene-miRNA, gene functional similarity, gene-disease, semantic similarity of disease, gene-lncRNA, disease-lncRNA). B The Node2vec and LINE algorithms are used to mine the biological association features of genes and diseases from three heterogeneous networks. The features extracted from the GMD and GLD networks are used to fusion the gene-disease association features in GD networks by multi-head attention. C Self-attention is introduced to predict the pathogenic gene in the multi-layer perceptron and output the gene-disease association score