Table 1 Groups of keywords used in the search strategy

Group 1

Automatic mapping OR Automatic coding OR Lexical mapping OR Text parsing OR Text mining OR NLP OR Natural Language processing OR Information extraction OR Text understanding OR Text analysis OR Concept extraction OR Concept mapping OR Narrative parsing OR Automatic annotation

Group 2

Coding OR Terminology OR Thesaurus OR Vocabulary OR Glossary OR Nomenclature OR Classification OR Taxonomy OR Ontology OR Terminological system OR Nosology OR Lexicon

Group 3

Cancer OR Neoplasms OR Neoplasia OR Tumor OR Malignancy OR Anatomical Pathological Condition OR oncology OR Morphology OR Cell differentiation OR Lymphoma OR Carcinoma OR Adenoma OR Sarcoma OR Fibroma OR Thymoma OR Leukemia OR Papilloma OR Pathology

Group 4

Registries OR Information System OR Database OR Surveillance system