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Table 3 Downregulation of identified one-target enzymes for reducing the viral biomass growth rate in DMEM + cholesterol, which refers to DMEM with an additional cholesterol uptake reaction, and Ham − cholesterol, which refers to Ham’s medium without a cholesterol uptake reaction

From: Fuzzy optimization for identifying antiviral targets for treating SARS-CoV-2 infection in the heart

Enzyme

DMEM + cholesterol

HAM—cholesterol

Metabolic pathway

No. drugs

\(\eta_{CV}^{TR}\)

\(\eta_{MD}^{TP}\)

VBGR

vATP

\(\eta_{CV}^{TR}\)

\(\eta_{MD}^{TP}\)

VBGR

vATP

NME4

0.994

0.299

0.013

38

0.905

0.304

0.190

38

Biosynthesis of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides from CTP

23

MMUT

0.819

0.287

0.363

38

0.942

0.278

0.117

38

Diseases resulting from mitochondrial beta oxidation

2

PLD2

0.993

0.316

0.013

38

0.902

0.333

0.195

38

Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis

2

PTDSS1

0.975

0.297

0.050

38

0.953

0.291

0.094

38

Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis

1

GOT2

0.995

0.278

0.011

38

0.926

0.281

0.174

38

Alanine and aspartate metabolism

NA

GUK1

0.935

0.287

0.130

38

0.812

0.298

0.376

38

Abacavir pathway

3

GMPR2♣

0.998

0.311

0.003

38

1.0

0.386

0

38

Nucleotide salvage

1

HIBADH

0.849

0.298

0.301

38

0.973

0.282

0.054

38

Leucine, isoleucine and valine metabolism

1

RENBP

0.969

0.321

0.062

38

0.934

0.303

0.132

38

Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosynthesis

1

DCK

0.747

0.304

0.507

38

0.921

0.316

0.158

38

Gemcitabine pathway

10

FH

0.796

0.275

0.409

38

0.934

0.267

0.132

38

TCA cycle in senescence

4

HADH*

0.984

0.395

0.033

38

0.25

0.357

1.5

38

Beta oxidation of fatty acids

4

ECHS1*

0.917

0.392

0.165

38

0.929

0.373

0.143

38

Beta oxidation of fatty acids

5

CRLS1

0.25

0.655

0

0.001

0.25

0.686

0

0.001

Metabolism of glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids

NA

MGLL♣

0.25

0.635

0

0.001

0.25

0.681

0

0.001

Triglyceride metabolism

NA

LSS

0.023

0.298

1.5

3.458

0.25

0.645

0

0.001

Cholesterol biosynthesis

2

SQLE

0.023

0.298

1.5

3.458

0.25

0.645

0

0.001

Cholesterol biosynthesis

4

GK

0.25

0.65

0

3.458

0.25

0.658

0

0.001

Glycerol degradation

NA

MVK

0.023

0.302

1.5

3.458

0.25

0.660

0

0.001

Cholesterol biosynthesis

1

MVD

0.023

0.302

1.5

3.458

0.25

0.660

0

0.001

Cholesterol biosynthesis

NA

PMVK

0.023

0.302

1.5

3.458

0.25

0.660

0

0.001

Cholesterol biosynthesis

NA

PGS1

0.002

0.269

1.5

0.334

0.25

0.643

0

0.001

Glycerophospholipid biosynthetic pathway

NA

SC5D

0.023

0.297

1.5

3.458

0.25

0.639

0

0.001

Cholesterol biosynthesis

NA

PCYT1A♣

0.25

0.613

0

0.001

0.25

0.618

0

0.001

Acetylcholine synthesis

3

PGK1♣

0.002

0.269

1.5

0.334

0.905

0.387

0.190

38

Glycolysis in senescence

5

BPGM♣

–

–

–

–

0.905

0.378

0.190

38

Glycolysis

NA

GAPDH♣

–

–

–

–

0.905

0.405

0.190

38

Glycolysis

9

ENO1♣

–

–

–

–

0.905

0.379

0.190

38

Glycolysis

6

  1. The symbol ♣ indicates a duplicate enzyme. The terms \(\eta_{CV}^{TR}\) is the cell viability grade for treated HV cells and \(\eta_{MD}^{TP}\) is the metabolic deviation grade to evaluate fuzzy similarity and fuzzy dissimilarity of TR and PH cells relative to their HV and HT templates, respectively. VBGR and vATP represent viral biomass growth rate and ATP production rate of treated HV cells. No. Drugs denotes the number of drugs retrieved from DrugBank (https://go.drugbank.com/) that modulate each gene, and NA indicates as not available from DrugBank.
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BMC Bioinformatics

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