Table 1 Hardware and software characteristics of the cluster nodes (testbed 1)

Hardware

CPU Model

2 × Intel Xeon E5-2660 Sandy Bridge-EP

CPU Speed/Turbo

2.20 GHz/3.0 GHz

#Cores per node

16

#Threads per node

32

Cache L1/L2/L3

32 KiB/256 KiB/20 MiB

Memory

64 GiB DDR3 1600 MHz

Disk

1 × HDD 1 TiB SATA3 7.2K rpm

Network

Gigabit Ethernet

Software

OS Version

CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009

Kernel

3.10.0-1160.62.1

Java

OpenJDK 1.8.0_322

Spark

Version

3.1.1

Executors per node

1

Executor heap size

55 GiB

Executor cores

16

Hadoop

Version

2.10.1

HDFS

Block size

128 MiB

Replication factor

3